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// struct union typedef . -> #include <stdio.h> #define MAXTITLE 41 #define MAXAUThOR 41 struct book { char title[MAXTITLE]; char author[MAXAUThOR]; float pirce; }; int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { /* 可以在函数内部定义 可以省略标记book 可以直接在定义之后跟变量名library struct book { char title[MAXTITLE]; char author[MAXAUThOR]; float pirce; } library; */ struct book library; /* 可以初始化 struct book library = { "彼岸花", "安妮宝贝", 1.01 }; 可以部分初始化 struct book library = { .price = 1.01 }; 可以乱序初始化 struct book library = { .price = 1.01, .title = "彼岸花", .author = "安妮宝贝" }; 复合文字写法，复合文字也可以用作函数参数 struct book library = (struct book){ "彼岸花", "安妮宝贝", 1.01 }; */ /* 可以嵌套结构 struct names { char first[LEN]; char last[LEN]; }; struct guy { struct name handle; char favfood[LEN]; char job[LEN]; float income; }; */ puts("Enter the book title"); gets(library.title); puts("Enter the book author"); gets(library.author); puts("Enter the book pirce"); scanf("%f", &library.pirce); printf("title:%s author:%s pirce:%.2f\n", library.title, library.author, library.pirce); return 0; } // 指向结构体的指针 #include <stdio.h> #define LEN 20 struct names { char first[LEN]; char last[LEN]; }; struct guy { struct names handle; char favfood[LEN]; char job[LEN]; float income; }; int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { struct guy fellow[2] = { { {"Ewen", "Villard"}, "grilled salmon", "personality coach", 58112.00 }, { {"Rodney", "Swillbelly"}, "tripe", "tabloid editor", 232400.00 } }; // 声明guy类型的指针 struct guy * him; printf("address #1:%p #2:%p\n", &fellow[0], &fellow[1]); him = &fellow[0]; printf("pointer #1:%p #2:%p\n", him, him + 1); // 指针->成员名 结构名.成员名 (*him).income必须用()，因为.的优先级比*高 printf("him->income is $%.2f:(*him).income is $%.2f\n", him->income, (*him).income); him++; printf("him->favfood is %s:him->handle.last is %s\n", him->favfood, him->handle.last); return 0; } // 向函数传递结构信息 #include <stdio.h> struct test { double a; double b; char c; int d; }; double sum1(double, double); double sum2(const struct test *); double sum3(struct test); int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { struct test test1 = { 3.14,3.15,'a',10 }; // 向函数传递结构成员 printf("%.2f\n", sum1(test1.a, test1.b)); // 向函数传递结构指针，需要&(跟数组不同) printf("%.2f\n", sum2(&test1)); // 对于支持结构体作为函数参数的编译器，也可以这么写 printf("%.2f\n", sum3(test1)); return 0; } double sum1(double a, double b) { return a + b; } double sum2(const struct test * test1) { return test1->a + test1->b; } double sum3(struct test test1) { return test1.a + test1.b; } |
